Government shutdown keeps farmers in limbo

American farmers are set to receive another bailout from Trump's tariffs. The holdup is due to the lack of any additional money that lawmakers can deliver, as well as furloughed administration staffers to finalize and implement the aid package.

 Readers may recall that during Donald Trump's first tariff war, which occurred in 2018-2019, farmers were devastated as China retaliated by suspending purchases of U.S. agricultural imports. It took $20 billion of taxpayer money to stop the bleeding. Once again, the same scenario is unfolding as the administration prepares another multibillion-dollar bailout.

Under the first bailout, farmers who earned less than $900,000 a year and produced one of the agricultural products affected by the U.S.-China trade war could apply for relief. The bailout's limit of support for a single farmer was $125,000 per person of a legal entity. 

This time around, we are still unclear about the details or how the government will fund it. That is because the government shutdown has removed the administration’s ability to determine if they can use tariff money to pay for it or the need to ask Congress for the funds. Last time around, Trump used funds from an Agriculture Department entity called the Commodity Credit Corporation. That avenue is no longer viable since the CCC has depleted its cash.

I still recall the televised announcement when the President claimed he had made a significant trade deal with China, promising to purchase $200 billion of U.S. agricultural products over two years. It turned out that, through 2021, China had only managed to buy 83% of that commitment.  

While some argue that China deliberately reneged on that promise, I suspect the COVID-19 pandemic had a much more significant impact on the shortfall in purchases, as China struggled to contain the epidemic. Through the Biden years, China continued to purchase farm products. It was only after President Trump restarted the trade war in his second term by increasing tariffs on China by 100% that purchases ceased.

Last year, China accounted for more than half of the 24.5 billion of U.S. exports of soybeans. Currently, thanks to Trump's tariffs, China has ceased buying American soybeans since May and increased its purchases from producers in South America. Since the 1950s, the U.S., Brazil, and Argentina have accounted for 80% of global soybean production. Soybeans are the second-largest crop in the U.S., with 85 million planted acres over the past five years. That is about the size of the entire Northeast.

That crop contributes, on average, about $124 billion per year to the economy. There are approximately 280,000 soybean farmers in the country, primarily located in the Midwest, with four out of the five largest producers based in states that supported the President in the last election. However, just two multinational corporations, Corteva and Bayer, control more than half of all soybeans (as well as corn and cottonseed) production in America.

Farmers' incomes have been sucking wind for years. Most have lost money over the past two years, and thanks to several different variables, losses will likely mount this year and into 2026. Costs for fertilizer, machinery, and seeds have increased at a rate higher than inflation, while prices for almost every row crop are below the cost of production. Interest rates and climate change have also taken their toll.

The Biden administration and Congress passed a $10 billion bailout for farmers in December 2025, but that is just a drop in the bucket. Republican lawmakers estimate that farmers will need as much as $50 billion in economic support today. Right now the talk centers around  another $10 to $14 billion in aid. The American Soybean Association president, Caleb Ragland, called that “putting a Band-aid on an open wound.”

While my heart goes out to America's farming community, I cannot help but wonder why farmers have been singled out for relief once again. At the same time, the rest of us continue to suffer from the same fallout from tariffs, including higher food prices that exceed the inflation rate, and increased health care costs as the Republican-controlled Congress continues to reduce benefits.

Is it because the farmers are mainly from states where Trump voters are prevalent? Is it because our Secretary of the Treasury, Scott Bessent, owns thousands of acres of soybean farmland? Will half the spending end up in the pockets of the two major corporations that control the soybean market?

The last bailout was limited to those who earned less than $900,000 per year. There are many small businesses throughout the country that earn less than that. Where is their bailout? What is the solution to turning around our farmers' plight? It is simple. Drop the irrational tariffs on China.

Bill Schmick is a founding partner of Onota Partners, Inc., in the Berkshires.  Bill’s forecasts and opinions are purely his own and do not necessarily represent the views of Onota Partners, Inc. (OPI).  None of his commentary is or should be considered investment advice.  Direct your inquiries to Bill at 1-413-347-2401, email him at billiams1948@gmail.com, or visit his website at www.schmicksretiredinvestor.com. Investments in securities are not insured, protected or guaranteed and may result in loss of income and/or principal.